On 25 August 1991, Torvalds posted the following to comp.os.minix, a newsgroup on Usenet:

He started with a task switcher in Intel 80386 assembly language and a terminal driver. In April 1991, Linus Torvalds, at the time a 21-year-old computer science student at the University of Helsinki, Finland, started working on some simple ideas for an operating system inspired by UNIX, for a personal computer. Linus Torvalds at the LinuxCon Europe 2014 in Düsseldorf Changes are tracked using the version control system git, which was originally authored by Torvalds as a free software replacement for BitKeeper. ĭay-to-day development discussions take place on the Linux kernel mailing list (LKML). This produces a highly optimized executable ( vmlinux) with respect to utilization of memory space and task execution times. Most of the Linux kernel code is written using the GNU extensions of GCC to the standard C programming language and with the use of architecture-specific instructions ( ISA) in limited parts of the kernel. It can be tailored for specific architectures and for several usage scenarios using a family of simple commands (that is, without the need of manually editing its source code before compilation) privileged users can also fine-tune kernel parameters at runtime. Linux is deployed on a wide variety of computing systems, such as embedded devices, mobile devices (including its use in the Android operating system), personal computers, servers, mainframes, and supercomputers.

Since the late 1990s, it has been included as part of a large number of operating system distributions, many of which are commonly also called Linux. Linux is provided under the GNU General Public License version 2 only, but it contains files under other compatible licenses. It was originally authored in 1991 by Linus Torvalds for his i386-based PC, and it was soon adopted as the kernel for the GNU operating system, which was written to be a free (libre) replacement for Unix. The Linux kernel is a free and open-source, monolithic, modular, multitasking, Unix-like operating system kernel. org /pub /scm /linux /kernel /git /torvalds /linux.

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